Abstract
Introduction
Brazil is known for its rich biodiversity, including a wide range of microorganisms such as bacteria. The genetic diversity of these organisms is particularly valuable when it is well-documented and accessible. Molecular characterization of bacterial diversity is essential for improving patient treatment, reducing hospital stays, preventing the spread of resistant bacteria, and providing data for health and epidemiological surveillance. This study focuses on understanding the biodiversity and molecular epidemiology of carbapenem-resistant bacteria in clinical samples from Rondônia in the Southwest Amazon region.
Methods
- Data from the Central Public Health Laboratories (LACEN/RO) between 2018 and 2021 were analyzed using the Laboratory Environment Manager Platform (GAL).
- Seventy-two species with carbapenem resistance profiles were identified, with 25 species carrying at least one gene encoding carbapenemases.
- Notable species include Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter baumannii, Serratia marcescens, and Providencia spp.
Results
- The study aims to provide epidemiological molecular data for state surveillance on bacterial resistance.
- It also assists in public policy decision-making regarding antimicrobial resistance (AMR).
Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)
This research aligns with the SDGs by contributing to Goal 3: Good Health and Well-being, specifically targeting the reduction of illness and death from hazardous chemicals and pollution (Target 3.9). It also supports Goal 6: Clean Water and Sanitation by addressing water quality and wastewater treatment, and Goal 12: Responsible Consumption and Production through the sustainable management of chemicals and waste.
Discussion
The findings show a significant increase in carbapenem resistance and ARG detection among bacterial species in Rondônia, indicating a growing challenge of AMR. The study also highlights a decrease in bacterial biodiversity in the state. The results emphasize the importance of state epidemiological surveillance including ARG data in reports and epidemiological bulletins. Monitoring the spread of these bacteria and developing control strategies is crucial for public health.
Conclusion
The research provides valuable insights into the molecular epidemiology of carbapenem-resistant bacteria in Rondônia, Brazil. It underscores the need for continued surveillance, policy-making, and global cooperation to combat AMR, in line with the SDGs.
Data Availability
The datasets generated during this study are not publicly available due to restricted access to public health laboratory data but are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.
SDGs, Targets and Indicators
| SDGs | Targets | Indicators |
|---|---|---|
| SDG 3: Good Health and Well-being | 3.3: End the epidemics of AIDS, tuberculosis, malaria and neglected tropical diseases and combat hepatitis, water-borne diseases and other communicable diseases 3.d: Strengthen the capacity of all countries, in particular developing countries, for early warning, risk reduction and management of national and global health risks |
– Number of bacterial isolates resistant to carbapenems – Number of genes encoding carbapenemases detected in bacterial species – Increase in carbapenem resistance among bacterial species – Reduction in bacterial biodiversity – Implementation and effectiveness of antimicrobial resistance surveillance programs |
| SDG 6: Clean Water and Sanitation | 6.3: Improve water quality by reducing pollution, eliminating dumping and minimizing release of hazardous chemicals and materials, halving the proportion of untreated wastewater and substantially increasing recycling and safe reuse globally | – Presence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria in water sources |
| SDG 15: Life on Land | 15.1: Ensure the conservation, restoration and sustainable use of terrestrial and inland freshwater ecosystems and their services, in particular forests, wetlands, mountains and drylands, in line with obligations under international agreements 15.5: Take urgent and significant action to reduce the degradation of natural habitats, halt the loss of biodiversity and, by 2020, protect and prevent the extinction of threatened species |
– Impact of antimicrobial resistance on biodiversity – Measures taken to prevent the spread of resistant bacteria in natural habitats |
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Fuente: nature.com
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